After reading this article you wont have to be afraid of milk any longer. |
Well, in todays SuppVersity article, I am going to take a closer look at how "great" it actually is that studies like this hit the mainstream media, while less exciting, because beneficial studies on milk are not being mentioned at all ... unless, of course, its the morally superior and allegedly healthier soy milk we are talking about *sarcastic laughter*
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Figure 1: Flow chart of the study sample (Michaëlsson. 2014). |
Now, in the study by Thompson the subjects were asked about what they ate in the last 30 days. The data in the study at hand, however, is based on what subjects said about how often they drank milk in the past 365 days! A fact that is not likely to make the data any more accurate.
Furthermore, I assume that all of you will have heard of people who change their dietary habits over time, right? Well, for Michaëlsson et al. this is obviously news. Otherwise they would not have relied exclusively data that was gathered, when the subjects were enlisted for the cohort study in the late 1980s / 1990s, when they were trying to identify the reason that 15,541 of the men and women died over the course of the 10-20 year follow-up.
Speaking of 20 years. Thats the time that passed between being enlisted and speculating about their daily food intake when the 90 303 women aged 39-74 were enlisted in the Swedish Mammography Cohort and the 31st of December 2010, which was used as an end point for the analysis.
Figure 2: Mortality raters (raw data) according to milk intake in glasses / grams (Michaëlsson. 2014). |
Figure 3: Adjusted predictions of urine 8-iso-PGF2α, a marker of oxidative stress, in 892 women (based on cross sectional data, mean age 70 years) and 700 men (Michaëlsson. 2014). |
Homogenization may in fact be a problem. You find thats bogus? There is evidence that suggests that homogenization, not pasteurization is a serious problem | more. |
Learn more about dairy from Liz in a previous SuppVersity article, i.e. "Dairy - The Good, Bad or Ugly?" |
- consumed significantly more energy on a daily basis (39% more in women, 24% more in men),
- consumed significantly more saturated (36% more in women) and total fat, and
- were significantly less likely to use bone building calcium supplements (15 % less in women).
My recommendation: Dont overrate the results of the study at hand. It has truckloads of methodological shortcomings, a tinge of the hysterical attention grabbing sensationalism and, most importantly, it stand in stark contrast to previous results which indicate that...
References:Figure 4: If you look at all the evidence, you will see that milk is more likely to protect than to kill you (Elwood. 2008; Bonthuis. 2010; Goldbohm. 2011) |
- a high intake of milk is associated with a 16% reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and an 8% reduced risk of diabetes, two of the most important health issues that will have you pass away years, if not decades before your time (Elwood. 2008 | meta-analysis of 15 pertinent studies),
- Australians with a high fat milk intake of of 339g/day or more have a 69% reduced risk of dying from cardiovascular disease than their peers (Bonthuis. 2010),
- Dutch full-fat dairy connoisseurs have a 1% reduced all-cause mortality risk for each 10g of full fat dairy consumption per day (Goldbohm. 2011).
- Allen, Naomi E., et al. "The associations of diet with serum insulin-like growth factor I and its main binding proteins in 292 women meat-eaters, vegetarians, and vegans." Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 11.11 (2002): 1441-1448.
- Bonthuis, M., et al. "Dairy consumption and patterns of mortality of Australian adults." European journal of clinical nutrition 64.6 (2010): 569-577.
- Elwood, Peter C., et al. "The survival advantage of milk and dairy consumption: an overview of evidence from cohort studies of vascular diseases, diabetes and cancer." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 27.6 (2008): 723S-734S.
- Goldbohm, R. Alexandra, et al. "Dairy consumption and 10-y total and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study in the Netherlands." The American journal of clinical nutrition (2011): ajcn-000430.
- Michaëlsson, Karl, et al. "Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men: cohort studies." BMJ 349 (2014): g6015.
- Thompson, Frances E., et al. "Cognitive research enhances accuracy of food frequency questionnaire reports: results of an experimental validation study." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 102.2 (2002): 212-225.
- WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Toxicological evaluation of certain veterinary drug residues in food/prepared by the sixty-sixth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JEFCA)." (2006).
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